Doctrine on the reform and change of the Constitution

Abstract

This paper reviews constitutional law, the circumstances in which the modern State arose in the Western world and the respective Constitution as an element that guarantees the rights of citizens, based on equality and freedom. Then, the stages of such State are periodized and the need to implement a constitutional reform or a new Magna Carta to solve the difficulties, especially political and legal, in countries where the constitutional State of law has not been consolidated or where the Constitution is losing its legitimacy, is discussed. It is emphasized that the people are the holders of the constituent power, so that only they can decide on the renewal of constitutional reform. The State should invest in education, health, economy and the fight against violence so that the people can see that the State cares about them and this motivates them to participate in politics to collaborate in the development of the country.